New treatment destroys head and neck cancer tumours in trial
A new cancer treatment can wipe out tumours in terminally
ill head and neck cancer patients, scientists have discovered.
In a landmark trial, a cocktail of immunotherapy medications
harnessed patients’ immune systems to kill their own cancer cells and prompted
“a positive trend in survival”, according to researchers at the Institute of
Cancer Research (ICR), London, and the Royal Marsden NHS foundation trust.
One patient, who was expected to die four years ago, told
the Guardian of the “amazing” moment nurses called him weeks after he joined the
study to say his tumour had “completely disappeared”. The 77-year-old
grandfather is now cancer-free and spent last week on a cruise with his wife.
Scientists found the combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab
medications led to a reduction in the size of tumours in terminally ill head
and neck cancer patients. In some, their cancer vanished altogether, with
doctors stunned to find no detectable sign of disease.
Combining the two immunotherapy drugs could prove an
effective new weapon against several forms of advanced cancer, experts believe.
Results from other trials of the drug combination have previously suggested
similar benefits for terminally ill kidney, skin and bowel cancer patients.
As well as boosting the long-term survival chances of
patients, scientists said, the immunotherapy treatment also triggered far fewer
side-effects compared with the often gruelling nature of “extreme” chemotherapy,
which is the standard treatment offered to many patients with advanced cancer
The results from the phase 3 trial, involving almost 1,000
dying head and neck cancer patients, were early and not statistically
significant but were still “clinically meaningful”, the ICR said, with some
patients living months or years longer and suffering fewer side effects.
“These are promising results,” Prof Kristian Helin, the ICR
chief executive, told the Guardian. “Immunotherapies are kinder, smarter
treatments that can bring significant benefits to patients.”
About 12,000 people in the UK are diagnosed with head and
neck cancer every year and many will be diagnosed at advanced stages. There is
an urgent need for better, kinder treatments for these patients that can keep
them alive longer than the current standard of care.
When Barry Ambrose, 77, from Bury St Edmunds, was diagnosed
with throat cancer in 2017, he was told that it had already spread to his lungs
– and that hospital palliative care was his only option.
But in a turn of events that saved his life, Ambrose was
offered the chance to join the new study. “When I was told about the trial … I
didn’t hesitate to join – what did I have to lose? It turned out to be a
lifeline.
Within about eight weeks of starting the treatment, scans revealed
the tumour in his throat had been eradicated.
“When the research nurses called to tell me that, after two
months, the tumour in my throat had completely disappeared, it was an amazing
moment,” said Ambrose. “While there was still disease in my lungs at that
point, the effect was staggering.”
He later underwent chemotherapy, followed by surgery. He
currently has no evidence of disease.
“The treatment I’ve received at the Royal Marsden has been
second to none and I’m so fortunate they’ve continued to find treatment that
works for me – they’re the gift that keeps on giving,” said Ambrose. Last week
he enjoyed a cruise off the coast of the UK with his wife, Sue.
The results of the trial show the immunotherapy combination
enjoyed a particularly high success rate in a group of patients whose tumours
had high levels of an immune marker called PD-L1.
Survival rates in those with high levels of PD-L1 who
received the immunotherapy cocktail were the highest ever reported in a
firstline therapy trial of relapsed or metastatic head and neck cancer.
These patients lived an average of three months longer than
those having chemotherapy. The median overall survival for these patients was
17.6 months, the highest average ever reported in this group of patients.
Researchers said they hoped future findings from the
CheckMate 651 trial, funded by Bristol Myers Squibb, will show further benefits
of the therapy in patients with advanced head and neck cancers.
“Despite the lack of statistical significance, these results
are clinically meaningful,” said Prof Kevin Harrington, professor of biological
cancer therapies at the ICR and consultant clinical oncologist at the Royal
Marsden, who led the CheckMate 651 trial. “We will need to do longer follow-up
to see whether we can demonstrate a survival benefit across all patients in the
trial.”
Article appeared on theguardian
No comments